Blog | UNEX Manufacturing

How Gravity Conveyors Improve Safety and Ergonomics in Manufacturing

Written by UNEX | Jul 23, 2025 12:04:42 PM

Moving materials is a critical part of manufacturing processes. It’s also one of the most common sources of worker injury. Heavy lifting, repetitive motions, and awkward postures lead to sprains, strains, and other musculoskeletal disorders that keep employees off the job and slow operations. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), manufacturing accounts for 15% of all private-sector injuries, making it the second most injury-prone industry.

When workers get hurt, U.S. employers pay out for rising workers’ compensation premiums, medical expenses, time off, fines, and more. In 2023 alone, those costs added up to $176 billion across all sectors. For manufacturers, injury-related downtime can be especially detrimental to profitability.

Reducing workplace injury risk requires a holistic approach, but one especially powerful solution is also one of the simplest: gravity conveyors. By establishing a smooth, controlled material flow, these ergonomic conveyor systems help manufacturers protect workers, reduce injury rates, and keep production steady. Here’s how gravity conveyors make it possible.

The Safety Risks of Manual Material Handling in Manufacturing

Manual material handling has long been one of the leading causes of workplace injuries in manufacturing. From heavy lifting to navigating tight, congested lineside spaces, workers deal with significant risks every day. These dangers are amplified by just-in-time (JIT) production pressures, which push teams to move quickly and handle parts frequently, often in awkward positions.

The resulting injuries aren’t minor. According to the National Safety Council (NSC), overexertion and bodily reaction injuries resulted in the most Days Away, Restricted, or Transferred (DART) cases in 2022. However, the costs involve much more than just lost productivity. As the most recent Liberty Mutual Workplace Safety Index highlights, overexertion involving outside sources alone costs U.S. businesses $12.49 billion annually, while other exertions or bodily reactions (including injuries from awkward postures) add another $3.68 billion.

Responsibility for these injuries and their costs rests squarely on employers. The Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) emphasizes that employers must not only train and support workers but also implement direct workplace solutions that address hazards at the source.

How Gravity Conveyors Address Safety and Ergonomics

Gravity conveyors are a practical way to tackle these risks and stay compliant, minimizing manual handling and creating safer, more ergonomic workflows on the manufacturing floor. By relying on gravity to move materials efficiently through production, they help eliminate many of the most common hazards of manual handling

Here are three ways using gravity conveyors in manufacturing can lessen worker exertion and improve their safety.

1. Reduce Manual Touches and Travel

Unnecessary walking, lifting, and repetitive handling of heavy or awkward parts are among the biggest injury sources in manufacturing. Gravity conveyors let materials flow freely from one work area to the next, minimizing manual touches and keeping workers in more ergonomic, controlled positions. They’re also designed to trim travel time and handling steps, creating leaner workflows that move parts more efficiently while reducing the odds of strain and overexertion.

2. Enable Ergonomic Workflows

Gravity conveyors can be strategically positioned to deliver components at optimal heights and reach angles in order to reduce bending, stretching, and awkward reaching. Having materials directly at the point of use supports more natural body movements and promotes healthier working postures. Over time, using an ergonomic conveyor system leads to lower injury rates, less fatigue, and greater productivity.

3. Energy-Free Operation with Quiet, Controlled Movement

Unlike powered conveyor systems, gravity conveyors rely on a simple, energy-free design with no motors or electrical components. This helps prevent injuries from powered equipment components and dampens noise levels on the floor. The controlled movement of parts also helps maintain a more organized and predictable workflow. Ultimately, it reduces chaos so operators can focus on value-added tasks rather than constantly shuffling materials.

Gravity Conveyors That Improve Worker Safety

There are many ways to configure gravity conveyor systems for manufacturing environments. UNEX offers several types, along with a range of accessories to customize your setup for maximum worker safety.

Skatewheel conveyors are lightweight and highly portable, ideal for light-duty or temporary setups where flexibility is paramount. These systems allow teams to deploy or reconfigure lines with minimal effort. With low rolling resistance and wheels spaced on 3" centers, even small, lightweight packages glide smoothly to reduce push force and repetitive motion strain. Available in widths from 12" to 24" and aluminum or galvanized steel frames, these conveyors offer ergonomic part flow in compact, adaptable workspaces.

Roller conveyors like UNEX 1.38" roller (JRS) conveyor provide a standard-duty solution, offering smoother, quieter operation and ergonomic advantages for mobile or reconfigurable lines. With spring-loaded axles and lightweight aluminum or galvanized steel frames, these conveyors are easy to install, reposition, or remove, reducing strain during setup and maintenance. Tight roller spacing options (as close as 1.5") ensure even lightweight packages move with minimal push force, helping minimize repetitive motion injuries and operator fatigue.

For heavier loads and more permanent setups, UNEX heavy-duty roller conveyors like our 1.9" roller (MRS) deliver greater stability and load capacity, and are ideal for medium to heavyweight packages. Spring-loaded axles make rollers easy to replace without tools, reducing maintenance time and physical strain. With roller spacing options as close as 3", these conveyors ensure smooth package movement with less effort, supporting safer, more ergonomic workflows in high-throughput environments.

All conveyor types are adjustable to optimal working heights, allowing operators to keep materials within reach and minimize bending or overextension.

You can also outfit each system with various accessories to further enhance manufacturing ergonomics. Beneficial add-ons include:

  • Gates: Moveable gates allow workers or equipment to pass safely through conveyor lines without disruption. Each gate comes equipped with nitrogen gas-filled springs to help users avoid strain when lifting.
  • Guard rails: Side rails prevent items from falling off during transit, protecting products and personnel. These can be added to both straight and curved sections to keep items moving safely throughout the warehouse.
  • Package stops: End stops keep materials in place at the end of a line to maintain orderly flow and reduce hazards.
  • Ball transfer tables: These multidirectional material handling solutions enable easy rotation or repositioning of items without manual lifting. Ball transfer tables are critical for averting strain and repetitive motion injuries that often come with handling heavy items.

Manufacturing Use Cases and Applications

With numerous ways to configure these systems, gravity conveyors represent one of the most adaptable safety solutions for production and assembly environments. From staging parts and moving materials through assembly lines to streamlining packing areas, manufacturers can easily adapt conveyors to different applications and layouts. Here are just a few cases where they support safer workflows.

Picking and Takeaway Solutions

Gravity conveyors play a key role in facilitating material flow within storage and picking environments. In manufacturing supermarkets and lineside workstations, gravity conveyors act as takeaway lanes, helping operators quickly move kits or components from part picking areas to assembly or staging. This supports lean principles like first-in, first-out (FIFO) flow while also reducing manual handling and minimizing walking distance.

When paired with gravity flow rack solutions like FlowCell or Roller Rack for storage, conveyors aid in the replenishment process, ensuring parts are picked and moved throughout the facility more ergonomically. 

Packing Stations

Gravity conveyors can integrate with inspection, kitting, or assembly workstations, reducing material handling and supporting more efficient line-side processes. Workers avoid constant lifting, carrying, or reaching across cluttered tables, and items arrive right where they’re needed. Packers are free to focus on careful packing and quality checks rather than material handling. It’s a straightforward approach that keeps packing lines moving smoothly, even when demand surges.

Assembly Lines

Gravity conveyors are ideal for feeding components directly to the point of use on assembly lines. Since these systems can be configured to the proper height, workers can easily access parts without excessive bending, twisting, or reaching.

Modular work cells are especially effective on assembly lines where products, components, or order mixes change frequently. By arranging conveyors and workstations into flexible, self-contained cells, manufacturers can quickly adjust layouts to support new models or fluctuating production volumes.

UNEX Gravity Conveyors: Built for Safety, Built to Last

Whatever the application, UNEX Gravity Conveyor systems are purpose-built to help you create a safer, more ergonomic work environment. By reducing manual handling and improving material flow, these solutions help manufacturers adhere to OSHA guidelines and proactively address workplace injury risks.

Each conveyor is engineered to order, ensuring a perfect fit for your exact layout and ergonomic needs. Modular designs allow you to select from a range of widths, roller materials, and support configurations to suit your specific workflows and product mix, whether you need them for lineside feeding, packing stations, or facilitating better flow in storage areas.

Constructed from durable steel or aluminum frames, Gravity Conveyor can withstand the demands of high-volume manufacturing environments with minimal maintenance. It’s a reliable, long-lasting solution that keeps operations running smoothly and workers safer for years to come.

Build a Safer Manufacturing Environment With Ergonomic Gravity Conveyor Systems

Efficient material movement is only one benefit of using gravity conveyors for manufacturing. These systems also help you create a safer workplace for your employees, and a safe production floor ultimately yields greater productivity in the long run. 

Ready to create a leaner, safer, and more efficient manufacturing environment? Contact UNEX to design a gravity conveyor system tailored to fit your facility.